Shanghai Songjiang Vibration Absorber Group Co., Ltd. official website introduces the technical article on the isolation diagram of refrigeration units in the inpatient department. Songjiang Group provides vibration isolation products for the central air conditioning system of major hospitals, with a product warranty of 10 years, offering durable solutions that save hospitals considerable expenses.
The inpatient department, also known as the inpatient ward, is a department responsible for handling patient admissions. Admission timing, order, ward allocation, and bed assignment are determined based on factors such as patient gender, age, type and severity of illness, patient requests, and physician recommendations. Therefore, the inpatient department must accurately monitor the number of available beds and inpatients (categorized by department, specialty, ward, room, and disease type, gender, and severity).
On December 1, 2017, the “English Translation Specification for Public Service Fields” officially came into effect, specifying “Inpatient Department” as the standard English name for the inpatient department.
The inpatient department typically boasts pleasant surroundings and comfortable furnishings. It features numerous beds, including multi-functional surgical beds and orthopedic specialty beds. Facilities include central oxygen supply, central call systems, bathrooms, air conditioning, color televisions, telephones, and “end-of-life care wards” services. It also includes an intensive care unit (ICU) with advanced equipment such as imported ventilators, ECG monitors, multi-parameter cardiac monitors, defibrillators, and ion import therapy devices, providing better and faster rescue services for critically ill patients. The inpatient department is equipped with an emergency operating room, complete with general anesthesia machines and ECG monitors, and has performed numerous surgeries in gynecology, surgery, and other fields.
In terms of technical expertise, the inpatient department is staffed with a team of professional medical elites and skilled healthcare workers. This includes specialists in cardiology, neurology, respiratory medicine, gastroenterology, nephrology, endocrinology, general surgery, orthopedics, traditional Chinese medicine, attending physicians, junior physicians, and head nurses, staff nurses, and nursing assistants.
Refrigeration Unit: Components of a refrigeration unit include a compressor (compressor sub-system), condenser, expansion valve, evaporator, and control system.
- Role of the Refrigeration Compressor: The refrigeration compressor is the main equipment in the refrigeration system, often referred to as the main engine. It works by absorbing refrigerant vapor from the evaporator to maintain a certain evaporation pressure inside the evaporator. It increases the pressure, compressing low-pressure and low-temperature refrigerant vapor into high-pressure and high-temperature superheated vapor to create conditions for condensation at higher temperatures (such as around 35°C in summer). It also transports and propels the refrigerant flow within the system to complete the refrigeration cycle.
- Types of Condensers and Their Functions:
- Water-cooled: In this type of condenser, the heat released by the refrigerant is carried away by cooling water. The cooling water can be single-use or recycled. Water-cooled condensers can be further classified based on their structural types, including vertical shell-and-tube, horizontal shell-and-tube, and jacketed types.
- Air-cooled: In these condensers, the heat released by the refrigerant is carried away by air. Air can flow naturally or be forced by a fan. These condensers are used in places where water supply is inconvenient or difficult.
- Water-air-cooled: In these condensers, the refrigerant is cooled by both water and air, mainly relying on the evaporation of cooling water on the heat transfer tube surface to absorb a large amount of heat from the refrigerant as the latent heat of vaporization. The role of air is primarily to accelerate the evaporation of water and carry away water vapor. These condensers consume very little water, making them ideal for areas with dry air, poor water quality, low water temperature, and insufficient water supply. These condensers can be further classified into evaporative and spray types based on their structural types.
- Role of the Expansion Valve: The expansion valve throttles and reduces pressure. When high-pressure refrigerant liquid passes through the expansion valve after condensation in the condenser, the pressure drops due to resistance, causing partial vaporization of the refrigerant liquid and absorbing the latent heat of vaporization. Consequently, the temperature of the refrigerant liquid also decreases, forming low-temperature, low-pressure wet steam, which then enters the evaporator.
- Role of the Evaporator: The low-temperature condensed “liquid” passes through the evaporator and exchanges heat with the outside air, vaporizing and absorbing heat, thereby achieving the cooling effect. The evaporator consists of a heating chamber and an evaporating chamber. The heating chamber provides the heat required for evaporation to the liquid, causing it to boil and vaporize, while the evaporating chamber ensures complete separation of the gas-liquid phases. The vapor produced in the heating chamber contains a large amount of liquid foam. After entering the larger evaporating chamber, this liquid is separated from the vapor by its own condensation or by means of a foam remover. Foam removers are usually located at the top of the evaporator.
Evaporators can be divided into three types based on operating pressure: atmospheric, pressurized, and vacuum. Based on the movement of the solution in the evaporator, there are: (1) circulation type, where boiling solution passes through the heating surface of the heating chamber multiple times, such as central circulation tube type, suspended basket type, external heating type, column type, and forced circulation type; (2) single-pass type, where the boiling solution passes through the heating surface of the heating chamber once without circulating flow, i.e., the concentrated liquid is discharged, such as rising film type, falling film type, stirred film type, and centrifugal film type; (3) direct contact type, where the heating medium directly contacts the solution for heat transfer, such as immersion combustion evaporators. During operation, evaporators consume a large amount of heating steam. To save heating steam, multi-effect evaporators and steam recompression evaporators can be used.
Isolation: A new type of seismic-resistant building structure, achieved by installing isolation pads at the tops of columns in buildings to prevent seismic forces from transmitting upwards, thereby reducing the seismic response of the structure.
The isolation effect generally ranges from 50% to 90% and shows significant economy in seismic areas with seismic fortification intensity of 8 degrees or higher.
